![]() and the corona (the Sun's outer atmosphere.).īeyond the corona is the solar wind, which is actually an outward flow of coronal gas.a transition region (a thin and very irregular layer of the Sun's atmosphere that separates the hot corona from the much cooler chromosphere),.the chromosphere (an irregular layer above the photosphere where the temperature rises from 6000☌ to about 20,000☌),.the photosphere (the visible surface of the Sun),.and the convection zone (the outer-most layer of the solar interior extending from a depth of about 200,000 km to the visible surface where its motion is seen as granules and supergranules.the radiative zone (extends outward from the outer edge of the core to base of the convection zone, characterized by the method of energy transport - radiation),.These reactions release the energy that ultimately leaves the surface as visible light. ![]() the core (the central region where nuclear reactions consume hydrogen to form helium.From the inside out, the solar interior consists of: The corona cannot be seen with the naked eye except during a total solar eclipse, or with the use of a coronagraph.The sun and its atmosphere consist of several zones or layers. The temperature in the corona is 500,000 kelvin (900,000☏, 500,000☌) or more, up to a few million K. Transition Region - A very narrow (60 miles / 100 km) layer between the chromosphere and the corona where the temperature rises abruptly from about 8000 to about 500,000 kelvin (14,000 to 900,000☏, 7700 to 500,000☌).Ĭorona - The corona is the outermost layer of the Sun, starting at about 1300 miles (2100 km) above the solar surface (the photosphere). So in this layer (and higher layers) it actually gets hotter if you go further away from the Sun, unlike in the lower layers, where it gets hotter if you go closer to the centre of the Sun. The temperature in the chromosphere varies between about 4000 kelvin at the bottom (the so-called temperature minimum) and 8000 kelvin at the top (6700 and 14,000☏, 37☌). Most of the photosphere is covered by granulation.Ĭhromosphere - A layer in the Sun between about 250 miles (400 km) and 1300 miles (2100 km) above the solar surface (the photosphere). The temperature in the photosphere varies between about 6500 K at the bottom and 4000 kelvin at the top (11,0☏, 62☌). It reaches from the surface visible at the centre of the solar disk to about 250 miles (400 km) above that. Photosphere - The deepest layer of the Sun that we can observe directly. The outer layers of the Sun are the Photosphere, the Chromosphere, the Transition Region and the Corona. They show a region 51,000 miles (82,500 kilometers) across at a resolution of 11 miles (18km). In some of the images, astronomers have overlaid the Earth for scale. These images of the chromosphere – which extends for about 2,000 kilometers (1,200 miles) above the visible surface of the sun – were taken on June 3 this year. 'Its insights will transform how our nation, and the planet, predict and prepare for events like solar storms.' 'NSF's Inouye Solar Telescope is the world's most powerful solar telescope that will forever change the way we explore and understand our sun,' said NSF Director, Sethuraman Panchanathan. It started construction in 2013 and is said to have cost around $344 million (£300 million). National Solar Observatory (NSO) released the images this week in celebration of the recent inauguration of the telescope, which is funded by National Science Foundation (NSF). Inouye Solar Telescope, the world's most powerful solar telescope on the island of Maui, Hawaii. National Solar Observatory's new images were taken by the Daniel K. Also seen are golden cell-like structures – each about the size of Texas – packed together like a honeycomb, which are the signature of violent motions that transport heat from inside the sun to its surface.
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